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| Portrayed of Syncope in early 1800s |
Syncope, also called unconsciousness, is considered a small loss of consciousness and muscle strength, characterized by rapid onset, short duration, and uncontrolled recovery. This is usually due to a decrease in blood flow throughout the brain from low blood pressure. Prodromal symptoms are one of the reasons for the loss of consciousness. These symptoms include, among others, mild redness, sweating, light skin, paleness, nausea, vomiting, and feeling hot. Syncope can also be attached to a short episode of muscle twisting. If a person does not completely lose consciousness and muscular strength, it is called a predisposition. It is recommended that the presyncope be treated in the same manner.
From frivolous to potentially fatal. There are three broad types of causes: cardiovascular, also known as reflex neuropathy, and orthostatic hypotension. Problems with the heart and blood vessels are the cause of about 10% and are usually the most serious while neurologically mediated is the most common. Causes of the heart include abnormal heart rhythms, heart valve or heart muscle problems, and pulmonary embolism, blockage of blood vessels, or atherosclerosis, among others. Nervous-mediated contractions occur when the blood vessels dilate and the heart rate drops abnormally. It can be caused by either a triggering event such as bleeding, pain, strong emotions, or exposure to a specific activity such as urination, vomiting, or coughing. This type of synchronization can also occur when a part of the neck is known as the carotid bone. The last type of synchronization is caused by a drop in standing blood pressure. It is often caused by the medication a person is taking but can also be caused by dehydration, significant bleeding, or an infection.
Medical history, physical examination, and electrocardiogram (ECG) are very effective ways to find out the underlying cause. The ECG is useful for diagnosing abnormal heart rhythms, poor blood flow to the heart muscle, and other electrical problems such as Long QT Syndrome and Bergda Syndrome. Heart-related causes also often have a very short history of a prodrome. Low blood pressure and rapid heart rate after the event may be a sign of anemia or dehydration, while low blood oxygen levels may be seen after the event in people with pulmonary embolism. More specific tests such as implantable loop recorders, tilt table testing or carotid bone massage may be helpful in case of uncertainty. Computer tomography (CT) is usually not required unless there are specific concerns. Other causes of similar symptoms that should be considered include seizures, stroke, indigestion, low blood oxygen, low blood sugar, drug addiction, and other psychiatric disorders. Treatment depends on the underlying cause. People who are considered high risk after the investigation may be admitted to the hospital for further cardiac monitoring.
Syncope affects three to six people each year. It is more common in older people and women. This is due to one to three percent of emergency department visits and hospitalizations. Half of the women over the age of 80 and one-third of medical students report at least one incident at some point in their lives. Of those who presented the emergency department with synchronization, about 4 died in the next 30 days. However, the risk of a bad outcome depends heavily on the underlying cause.
Syncope also called a coma, or sudden and brief loss of consciousness occurs when the brain does not get enough blood flow and oxygen.
There are many reasons for synchronization. A common type of synchrony - vasovagal syncope or neurocardiogenic syncope - is caused by a nerve disorder that controls the action of the heart and blood vessels, called the autonomic nervous system. This type of synchronization can be due to fear, severe pain, emotional distress, or prolonged standing. Dehydration and low salt intake can also be helpful.
Syncope can also be caused by very fast heart rhythms or arrhythmias called tachycardias, such as supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) or ventricular tachycardia. In some cases, synchrony is caused by slow heart rhythms, called bradycardias, such as in sinus node dysfunction or heart block.
Sign and Symptoms of Syncope:
- Chest pressure or pain
- Fatigue
- Lightheadedness or dizziness
- Palpitations, which can be skipping, fluttering or pounding in the chest
- Shortness of breath
Differential Diagnose:
Cardiac arrhythmias:
The most common cause of cardiac convulsions is a cardiac arrhythmia (abnormal heart rhythm) in which the heart beats slowly, very fast, or irregularly enough for the brain to pump enough blood. Some arrhythmias can be fatal.
The two major groups of arrhythmias are bradycardia and tachycardia. Bradycardia can be caused by heart block. Tachycardias include SVT (supraventricular tachycardia) and VT (ventricular tachycardia). SVT does not cause synchronization other than Wolf Parkinson's White Syndrome. Ventricular tachycardia begins in the ventricles. VT causes harmony and can lead to sudden death. Ventricular tachycardia, which describes a rate of more than 100 beats per minute with at least three irregular heartbeats, can cause a decline in ventricular fibrillation, which can be rapidly fatal without cardiac recurrence (CPR).
Central nervous system ischemia:
Typically, tachycardic-induced syncope is caused by the cessation of a heartbeat after a tachycardic event. This condition, called tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome, is usually caused by synovial node dissection or block or atrioventricular block.
The central ischemic response is triggered by an inadequate supply of oxygenated blood to the brain.
Hyperventilation can help the respiratory system increase oxygen levels, although a sudden ischemic event can be even faster than the respiratory system can respond. These processes cause specific symptoms of fainting: pale skin, shortness of breath, nausea, and limb weakness, especially weakness of the legs. If the ischemia is severe or prolonged, the weakness of the limbs increases. A person with very light skin color may lose all color from his face at the beginning of the event. This effect, combined with the following, can create a strong and dramatic impression on passersby.
The weakness of the legs causes most patients to sit or lie down if it is time to do so. It can avoid a complete collapse, but whether the victim sits down or falls, the result of an ischemic event is a posture that requires low blood pressure to achieve proper blood flow. It is not clear whether this is a mechanism developed in response to the circulatory difficulties of human bipedalism or merely a result of a pre-existing circulatory reaction.
What is vasovagal syncope?
Vasovagal syncope is a condition that causes fainting in some people. It is also called a
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