Antibiotics, also known as antibacterials, are drugs that stop or slow down the growth of bacteria.
They contain a number of powerful medicines and are used to treat bacterial infections.
Antibiotics cannot treat viral infections, such as colds, flu, and most coughs.
This article will explain what antibiotics are, how they work, possible side effects, and antibiotic resistance.
Quick facts about antibiotics
In 1928, Alexander Fleming discovered the first natural antibiotic, penicillin.
• Antibiotics cannot fight viral infections.
Le Fleming predicted the rise of antibiotic resistance.
Antibiotics either kill or slow down the growth of bacteria.
* Side effects may include diarrhea, upset stomach, and nausea.
What are antibiotics?
Antibiotics are a common medicine that doctors recommend fighting bacteria.
Antibiotics are powerful drugs that fight some infections and, when used properly, can save lives. They either stop the bacteria from reproducing or kill them
Before the bacteria multiply and cause symptoms, the immune system can usually kill them. White blood cells (WBCs) attack harmful bacteria and, even if symptoms do occur, the immune system can usually fight off the infection.
However, sometimes the number of harmful bacteria is too high, and the immune system cannot fight them all. Antibiotics are useful in this scenario.
The first antibiotic was penicillin. Penicillin-based antibiotics, such as ampicillin, amoxicillin, and penicillin G, are still available to treat a variety of infections and have been around for a long time.
Many types of modern antibiotics are available, and they are usually only available with a prescription in most countries. Topical antibiotics are available in over-the-counter (OTC) creams and ointments.
Antibiotics do not work against the common cold and flu virus and are often unnecessary for bacterial infections. Despite these facts, inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions are common in Canada - estimated at more than 30% of all prescriptions, and 50% of prescriptions for respiratory infections.
Antibiotics are powerful medicines that help prevent bacterial infections. They are used to kill germs that cause certain diseases. Protect yourself and your family on how to handle them properly. Whenever you don't take antibiotics when you don't need them or if you take them the wrong way, you are more likely to get a disease that is resistant to antibiotics.
Antibiotic resistance has become a major health concern in the world today. Resistance occurs when viral antibiotics are used excessively or inappropriately for viral infections. When resistance develops, antibiotics are unable to kill the germs that cause the infection. Your infection can last longer, and instead of getting better, you get worse. In fact, 23,000 people in the United States died last year from an infection that caused their bodies to develop antibiotic resistance to a drug used to treat the infection.
- Ciprofloxacin
- Levofloxacin
- Ceftriaxone Sodium
- Cefotaxime Sodium
- Cephradin
- Cephalexin
- Cefadroxil
- Amikacin Sulphate
- Ceftazidime
- Cefoperazone Sodium/Sulbactam Sodium
- Moxifloxacin
- Ofloxacin
- Linezolid
- Clarithromycin
- Doxycycline
- Azithromycin
- Ampicillin
- Co-Amoxiclav
- Cefixime Sodium
Antibiotics are used to treat or prevent bacterial infections, or sometimes protozoan infections. (Metronidazole is effective against many parasitic diseases). When an infection is suspected to be responsible for a disease but the pathogen is not identified, experimental therapy is adopted. It involves the administration of a wide range of spectrum antibiotics based on the symptoms and signs presented and the initiation of pending laboratory results which can take several days.
Once the responsible pathogenic microorganism is already known or identified, definitive treatment can be started. This will usually involve the use of narrow-spectrum antibiotics. The choice of a given antibiotic will also be based on its cost. Identification is important because it can reduce the cost and toxicity of antibiotic therapy and reduce the likelihood of the appearance of antimicrobial resistance. Antibiotics can be given for uncomplicated acute appendicitis to avoid surgery. Evidence of effective treatment has been provided.
Antibiotics can be given as a preventative measure (prophylactic) and are usually limited to at-risk populations such as those with weakened immune systems (especially in cases of HIV to prevent pneumonia), Immunosuppressive drugs, cancer patients and people undergoing surgery.] They are used in surgical procedures to help prevent incisional infections. They play an important role in prophylaxis of dental antibiotics where their use can prevent bacteremia and consequent infectious endocarditis. Antibiotics are also used to prevent infections in cases related to neutropenia, especially cancer.
Exposure to antibiotics early in life is associated with a physically growing body in humans and mouse models. Early life is an important period for the formation of intestinal microbiota and metabolic development. Mice were exposed to subtherapeutic antibiotic treatment (STAT) - in some of the penicillin, vancomycin, or chlortetracycline altered the gut microbiota as well as its metabolic abilities.
One study found that mice were given low-dose penicillin (1 / g / g body weight) around birth and that the weaning process increased body mass and fat intake, leading to faster growth. Is, and relatively ad genes increase liver expression compared to control mice.
In addition, penicillin, combined with a high-fat diet, increased fasting insulin levels in rats. However, it is not clear whether antibiotics cause obesity in humans. Studies have found a link between early exposure to antibiotics (<6 months) and physical exposure (at 10 and 20 months). Another study found that the nature of antibiotic exposure was also significant, with macrolides being more likely to be overweight than penicillin and cephalosporins. Therefore, there is a link between antibiotic exposure in early life and obesity in humans, but whether there is a formal relationship is unclear. Although there is a correlation between early life and the use of antibiotics in obesity, the effect of antibiotics on obesity in humans needs to be emphasized against the beneficial effects of clinically indicated treatment with antibiotics in childhood.
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